What is a hallmark sign of pseudohypertrophy in Duchenne muscular dystrophy?

The hallmark sign of pseudohypertrophy in Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the enlargement of muscle. This occurs due to the accumulation of fat and fibrous tissue in the muscle, which makes the muscles appear larger than normal, despite the underlying muscle fibers being weak and damaged. In Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the progressive degeneration of muscle tissue leads to a loss of muscle function, and as the muscle fibers are replaced by non-functional tissue, the muscle may still look swollen or enlarged on the outside.

This phenomenon commonly affects muscles such as the calves, giving them a characteristic look described as "pseudohypertrophy." However, it is important to recognize that this enlargement is not due to increased muscle strength or function, but rather compensatory changes due to the disease process. Understanding this distinction is crucial for recognizing the symptoms of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and differentiating it from other muscle disorders.