What is the significance of stretching and range of motion (ROM) exercises in Duchenne muscular dystrophy?

In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the progressive muscle weakness leads to a high risk of developing joint contractures. Stretching and range of motion (ROM) exercises are crucial in this context because they help maintain flexibility in the muscles and joints, thus delaying the onset of contractures. Contractures occur when muscles and tendons become permanently shortened due to disuse and immobility; this can significantly affect mobility and quality of life. By consistently performing stretching and ROM exercises, caregivers and therapists aim to preserve joint function and prevent the complications associated with restricted movement. These exercises do not directly improve strength in individuals with DMD but instead focus on maintaining the range of motion and delaying the degeneration process associated with this condition.